PAGE UNDER CONSTRUCTION - NOT READY FOR VIEWING YET!
Seeing the Curve
Basic Physics Flat Earthers Need to Understand Why Their Model is Flat Wrong!
1) The Gravity of the Situation -
Newtons Laws, Inertia and Conversation of Momentum
And why literally everything revolves around Gravity
2) The Greatest Fear is Sphere itself.
Why are most celestial objects spheres?
3) Spinning Class - Understanding Spin and Why the earth is not stationary
Proving the Spherical earth is as clear as day and night
4) Fult Tilt - Earth's natural tilt and journey around the Sun
5) The Heliocentric Model - This is Reality and we have more proof than moonshine.
6) The Sun and Moon - Shattering the Fairy Tale of Flat earth's magic sun and moon fiction
7) Stars and Constellations - One of the greatest confirmations of the Spherical Spinning Earth!
Your inability to understand science is not an argument against it.
Newtons Laws, Inertia and Conversation of Momentum
And why literally everything revolves around Gravity
2) The Greatest Fear is Sphere itself.
Why are most celestial objects spheres?
3) Spinning Class - Understanding Spin and Why the earth is not stationary
Proving the Spherical earth is as clear as day and night
4) Fult Tilt - Earth's natural tilt and journey around the Sun
5) The Heliocentric Model - This is Reality and we have more proof than moonshine.
6) The Sun and Moon - Shattering the Fairy Tale of Flat earth's magic sun and moon fiction
7) Stars and Constellations - One of the greatest confirmations of the Spherical Spinning Earth!
Your inability to understand science is not an argument against it.
Introduction
Whether the earth is flat or round, we should be able to demonstrate it, and show how all astronomical phenomena make sense in one model versus the other.
Let's go through some of these phenomena and put them into context. First let's look at the celestial sphere and things we can easily observe. We look up and see stars and planets going around.
The flat earth model says we stay still while everything goes around us, and the round earth model says we rotate which causes the apparent motion of objects in the sky. At face value with no investigation, these are two completely valid hypotheses.
What are some details we notice about the celestial sphere and certain earthly phenomena?
We all experience night and day, alternating periods of light and dark that change over time. We can see the ecliptic. This is the part of the sky that traces the sun's path throughout the year as well as the paths of all the planets. The path of the sun follows a slowly tilting pattern that lasts one year. One year also outlines the seasons. These seasons go a particular way in the Northern Hemisphere and the opposite way in the Southern Hemisphere. There exists a phenomena called the Coriolis effect, where rotating masses like storms rotate in one direction in the Northern Hemisphere and the opposite direction in the Southern Hemisphere. Each Hemisphere also sees an entirely different collection of stars.
This is just a handful of the observations we can make the MUST be explained because we can all observe them.
As we'll see through this book, It turns out that ALL we need to assume is the Earth is roughly spherical spinning on an axis tilted somewhat from the vertical and going around the sun just like all the other planets.
{**Add other stuff**}
Let's go through some of these phenomena and put them into context. First let's look at the celestial sphere and things we can easily observe. We look up and see stars and planets going around.
The flat earth model says we stay still while everything goes around us, and the round earth model says we rotate which causes the apparent motion of objects in the sky. At face value with no investigation, these are two completely valid hypotheses.
What are some details we notice about the celestial sphere and certain earthly phenomena?
We all experience night and day, alternating periods of light and dark that change over time. We can see the ecliptic. This is the part of the sky that traces the sun's path throughout the year as well as the paths of all the planets. The path of the sun follows a slowly tilting pattern that lasts one year. One year also outlines the seasons. These seasons go a particular way in the Northern Hemisphere and the opposite way in the Southern Hemisphere. There exists a phenomena called the Coriolis effect, where rotating masses like storms rotate in one direction in the Northern Hemisphere and the opposite direction in the Southern Hemisphere. Each Hemisphere also sees an entirely different collection of stars.
This is just a handful of the observations we can make the MUST be explained because we can all observe them.
As we'll see through this book, It turns out that ALL we need to assume is the Earth is roughly spherical spinning on an axis tilted somewhat from the vertical and going around the sun just like all the other planets.
{**Add other stuff**}
1) The Gravity of the Situation -
Newtons Laws, Inertia and Conversation of Momentum
And why literally everything revolves around Gravity
In De-Nile of Gravity - Nile Story Flat earthers use.
It's called Newton's Law of gravity. A scientific law is, in essence, just the relation we see in the data. Nothing more or less; it doesn't contain an explanation. Einstein's theory of general relativity explains what we measure, and therefore it is a scientific theory. (A Theory also means it hasn't been falsified, despite a great many attempts).
Newtons Laws, Inertia and Conversation of Momentum
And why literally everything revolves around Gravity
In De-Nile of Gravity - Nile Story Flat earthers use.
It's called Newton's Law of gravity. A scientific law is, in essence, just the relation we see in the data. Nothing more or less; it doesn't contain an explanation. Einstein's theory of general relativity explains what we measure, and therefore it is a scientific theory. (A Theory also means it hasn't been falsified, despite a great many attempts).
The pull of Gravity proves the earth is a sphere
Here’s an interesting fact about mass: It attracts things to it. The force of attraction (gravity) between two objects depends on their mass and the distance between them. Simply said, gravity will pull toward the center of mass of the objects. To find the center of mass, you have to examine the object.
Consider a sphere. Since a sphere has a consistent shape, no matter where on it you stand, you have exactly the same amount of sphere under you. (Imagine an ant walking around on a crystal ball. From the insect’s point of view, the only indication of movement would be the fact the ant is moving its feet—the shape of the surface would not change at all.) A sphere’s center of mass is in the center of the sphere, which means gravity will pull anything on the surface of the sphere straight down toward the center of the sphere. This will occur no matter where on the surface the object is located.
On a sphere’s surface, gravity will pull you toward the sphere’s center of mass: straight down.
Here’s an interesting fact about mass: It attracts things to it. The force of attraction (gravity) between two objects depends on their mass and the distance between them. Simply said, gravity will pull toward the center of mass of the objects. To find the center of mass, you have to examine the object.
Consider a sphere. Since a sphere has a consistent shape, no matter where on it you stand, you have exactly the same amount of sphere under you. (Imagine an ant walking around on a crystal ball. From the insect’s point of view, the only indication of movement would be the fact the ant is moving its feet—the shape of the surface would not change at all.) A sphere’s center of mass is in the center of the sphere, which means gravity will pull anything on the surface of the sphere straight down toward the center of the sphere. This will occur no matter where on the surface the object is located.
On a sphere’s surface, gravity will pull you toward the sphere’s center of mass: straight down.
Flat Earth advocates rely upon made up excuses and invented forces to explain away the problems of their model. They claim that light, perspective, and gravity work differently than we understand from the evidence of science and our senses. Many claim that gravity does not exist at all. This claim is necessary because everyone on every part of the Earth’s surface feels a roughly equal gravitational pull straight down toward their feet, which only makes sense on a globe: gravity pulls everyone down toward the planet’s center of mass. Gravity would feel very different on a Flat Earth. A disc-world’s center of mass would not be located straight down from most parts of the surface. People standing at the central North Pole would feel a vertical downward pull, but everyone further from the center of the disc would feel gravity pull at an angle. At the edges of the disc, the pull of gravity would be almost horizontal. This would pull the oceans and atmosphere inward toward the center of the disc, drowning the center and leaving the outer edges airless and uninhabitable. Standard gravity would also pull down the Flat Earth model’s tiny nearby Sun and Moon to crash into the North Pole. Since none of these things happen, we know the world is not flat!
Rather than confront the problem of gravity, Flat Earthers respond by dismissing gravity altogether. Even though in 2016 gravity waves were detected by LIGO (Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory) in Washington and Louisiana for the first time with such precision as to make general relativity one of the most accurate theories we have (the best theory and most accurate theory of gravity we have PROVING its existence as a curvature in 4D spacetime).
If the “traditional theory of gravitation” is “incompatible with the Flat Earth Model,” then gravity must be weak or nonexistent. But if that were the case, wouldn’t you be floating out of your chair right now? Why would objects fall when you drop them? According to one common Flat Earth claim, objects fall because the Earth “is constantly accelerating up at a rate of 32 feet per second squared (or 9.8 meters per second squared). This constant acceleration causes what you think of as gravity. This handwaving explanation doesn’t work. If our world is accelerating upward, why doesn’t the Flat Earth crash into the tiny Sun and Moon above us? What force could cause the Flat Earth—an entire world—to constantly accelerate at a perfectly even rate? How would the flat surface remain perfectly oriented with the direction of acceleration without ever tumbling (or even slightly wobbling)?
Rather than confront the problem of gravity, Flat Earthers respond by dismissing gravity altogether. Even though in 2016 gravity waves were detected by LIGO (Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory) in Washington and Louisiana for the first time with such precision as to make general relativity one of the most accurate theories we have (the best theory and most accurate theory of gravity we have PROVING its existence as a curvature in 4D spacetime).
If the “traditional theory of gravitation” is “incompatible with the Flat Earth Model,” then gravity must be weak or nonexistent. But if that were the case, wouldn’t you be floating out of your chair right now? Why would objects fall when you drop them? According to one common Flat Earth claim, objects fall because the Earth “is constantly accelerating up at a rate of 32 feet per second squared (or 9.8 meters per second squared). This constant acceleration causes what you think of as gravity. This handwaving explanation doesn’t work. If our world is accelerating upward, why doesn’t the Flat Earth crash into the tiny Sun and Moon above us? What force could cause the Flat Earth—an entire world—to constantly accelerate at a perfectly even rate? How would the flat surface remain perfectly oriented with the direction of acceleration without ever tumbling (or even slightly wobbling)?
|
|
Consider a flat plane. The center of mass of a flat plane is in its center, so the force of gravity will pull anything on the surface toward the middle of the plane. That means that if you stand on the edge of the plane, gravity will be pulling you sideways toward the plane’s middle, not straight down like you usually experience when you stand on Earth.
I am quite positive that, even for Australians, an apple falls downwards, not sideways. But if you have your doubts, I urge you to try dropping something—just make sure it’s nothing that can break or hurt you.
A plane’s center of mass is in its middle—which means that gravity should pull objects toward the center of the plane. So clearly gravity cannot work, which is why flat earthers say it is not real. This is one of the single most absurd things they say... There is no gravity. So then what? Why do things fall?
I am quite positive that, even for Australians, an apple falls downwards, not sideways. But if you have your doubts, I urge you to try dropping something—just make sure it’s nothing that can break or hurt you.
A plane’s center of mass is in its middle—which means that gravity should pull objects toward the center of the plane. So clearly gravity cannot work, which is why flat earthers say it is not real. This is one of the single most absurd things they say... There is no gravity. So then what? Why do things fall?
Flat Earthers Try to Explain Gravity with Density and Bouyancy.
Using just one example - gravity, all that flat earthers can come up with is density and buoyancy to describe gravity. Density is just mass per unit volume, and it is a scalar so that cannot be right, because we know gravity is a vector (has magnitude and direction). Using relative density as some flat earthers do, that only has a "+" or "-" sign, so it cannot tell you direction. But you can see something has direction when you drop it, it always goes down towards the earth's center of mass. And even worse for flat earthers, denser objects sink and less dense will rise BECAUSE OF GRAVITY!!
Buoyancy is an upward force (see attached) that measures how much something floats and ironically the formula for Buoyancy INCLUDES GRAVITY (g in the equation)! You see how absurd? So basically they are ADMITTING gravity in they're use of the term buoyancy??? And neither of these Flat Earth ideas can explain why things fall 9.8 m/s^2. Nobody can deny this as it is easy to see with a ruler and stopwatch. And this is just one example of dozens.
Bottom line is there is no unifying theory with actual practical equations to make any kind of predications and because of that it should be discarded.
You inability to learn science is not a valid argument against it.
The law of gravitational attraction, not theory, is responsible for the direction of the falling and the magnitude. Relative density is only responsible for the sign (+ or - or 0).
The density as M/V can't explain the initial direction. Why up or down and not any other direction. The answer os the LAW of gravitational attraction. Fg = Gm1m2/r2
And what does the law of gravitation have to do with NASA, nothing, it predated NASA by about 300 years.
And worse and more embarrassingly , bouyancy literally has the gravitation constant IN THE EQUATION. It is PROVING gravity not denying it... One of MANY times flat earthers prove themselves wrong.
Using just one example - gravity, all that flat earthers can come up with is density and buoyancy to describe gravity. Density is just mass per unit volume, and it is a scalar so that cannot be right, because we know gravity is a vector (has magnitude and direction). Using relative density as some flat earthers do, that only has a "+" or "-" sign, so it cannot tell you direction. But you can see something has direction when you drop it, it always goes down towards the earth's center of mass. And even worse for flat earthers, denser objects sink and less dense will rise BECAUSE OF GRAVITY!!
Buoyancy is an upward force (see attached) that measures how much something floats and ironically the formula for Buoyancy INCLUDES GRAVITY (g in the equation)! You see how absurd? So basically they are ADMITTING gravity in they're use of the term buoyancy??? And neither of these Flat Earth ideas can explain why things fall 9.8 m/s^2. Nobody can deny this as it is easy to see with a ruler and stopwatch. And this is just one example of dozens.
Bottom line is there is no unifying theory with actual practical equations to make any kind of predications and because of that it should be discarded.
You inability to learn science is not a valid argument against it.
The law of gravitational attraction, not theory, is responsible for the direction of the falling and the magnitude. Relative density is only responsible for the sign (+ or - or 0).
The density as M/V can't explain the initial direction. Why up or down and not any other direction. The answer os the LAW of gravitational attraction. Fg = Gm1m2/r2
And what does the law of gravitation have to do with NASA, nothing, it predated NASA by about 300 years.
And worse and more embarrassingly , bouyancy literally has the gravitation constant IN THE EQUATION. It is PROVING gravity not denying it... One of MANY times flat earthers prove themselves wrong.
2) The Greatest Fear is Sphere itself.
Why are most celestial objects spheres?
Whether water sits in a lake or a glass of water, Earth’s gravity pulls the liquid downward into the shape of the container it’s in.
But in space, gravity’s effects are different. Objects in orbit are indeed affected by gravity, but they are in freefall, moving constantly sideways while falling toward Earth [Learn more ]. This renders them effectively weightless.
Up there, surface tension shapes water into spheres. Magnetic-like molecules on water’s surface cause the surface to behave like an elastic skin. Each molecule is pulled with equal tension by its neighbors.
The tight-knit group forms the smallest possible area — a sphere.
Gravity is the force that keeps us on our planet by drawing us so powerfully towards its centre. It has much the same effect on everything else floating in the cosmos, as long as it is big enough. All objects in the Universe are subject to their own force of gravity. It is one of the fundamental forces of our Universe. For objects larger than approximately one fifth the size of Earth, gravity (rather than electrostatic forces, for example) will be the dominant force determining their shape.
As gravity pulls matter towards other matter, a sphere forms. Why? Only a sphere allows every point on its surface to have the same distance from the centre, so that no part of the object can further 'fall' toward its centre. Gravity just keeps on pulling. Given time, even the highest mountains on Earth will eventually be levelled under its power.
---
The sphere is a shape which allows for the most amount of volume with the least amount of surface. It is a very efficient way of enclosing objects and also allows for any point on its surface to be equally as far from the center as any other point. This is unlike a cube where the corners are further from its center and some areas of its surface are weaker than others. The forces of nature like low energy states and they like minimizing the surface of objects as much as possible. This is true when observing something as small as a raindrop or liquid metal or when observing something on the scale of moons and stars.
Why are most celestial objects spheres?
Whether water sits in a lake or a glass of water, Earth’s gravity pulls the liquid downward into the shape of the container it’s in.
But in space, gravity’s effects are different. Objects in orbit are indeed affected by gravity, but they are in freefall, moving constantly sideways while falling toward Earth [Learn more ]. This renders them effectively weightless.
Up there, surface tension shapes water into spheres. Magnetic-like molecules on water’s surface cause the surface to behave like an elastic skin. Each molecule is pulled with equal tension by its neighbors.
The tight-knit group forms the smallest possible area — a sphere.
Gravity is the force that keeps us on our planet by drawing us so powerfully towards its centre. It has much the same effect on everything else floating in the cosmos, as long as it is big enough. All objects in the Universe are subject to their own force of gravity. It is one of the fundamental forces of our Universe. For objects larger than approximately one fifth the size of Earth, gravity (rather than electrostatic forces, for example) will be the dominant force determining their shape.
As gravity pulls matter towards other matter, a sphere forms. Why? Only a sphere allows every point on its surface to have the same distance from the centre, so that no part of the object can further 'fall' toward its centre. Gravity just keeps on pulling. Given time, even the highest mountains on Earth will eventually be levelled under its power.
---
The sphere is a shape which allows for the most amount of volume with the least amount of surface. It is a very efficient way of enclosing objects and also allows for any point on its surface to be equally as far from the center as any other point. This is unlike a cube where the corners are further from its center and some areas of its surface are weaker than others. The forces of nature like low energy states and they like minimizing the surface of objects as much as possible. This is true when observing something as small as a raindrop or liquid metal or when observing something on the scale of moons and stars.
3) Spinning Class - Understanding Spin and Why the earth is not stationary
Proving the Spherical earth is as clear as day and night
Proving the Spherical earth is as clear as day and night
Claim: Flat Earthers Think we should be "Feeling" the rotation of the earth.
Here is one post as an example:
"Do you think you are on a ball spinning on an axis at 1,000 miles per hour?
And this ball is spinning around the sun at 67,000 miles per hour?
Trust your eyes, trust your experience. Have you ever felt movement?
Why is that?"
And also 490,000 mph through the galaxy
And our galaxy is moving 1.3 million miles per hour.
HERE IS WHY
Actually it is easily explained
**EASY TO EXPLAIN WITH REAL SCIENCE**
YES the Earth moves very fast. It spins (rotates) at a speed of about 1,000 miles per hour and orbits around the Sun at a speed of about 67,000 miles per hour. We do not feel any of this motion because these speeds are constant. The spinning and orbital speeds of Earth stay the same so we do not feel any acceleration or deceleration. You can only feel motion if your speed changes. For example, if you are in a plane at cruising altitude which is moving at a constant speed of even 500-600 miles per hour (with no turbulence), you will not feel much motion. However, when the plane accelerates or decelerates or if there is turbulence, then you DO feel acceleration. You feel acceleration, not constant speed.
When you jump up in the earth you come back down by conservation of momentum. Boat, bullet and lighthouse all moving together, so it will.
Flat earthers really show their ignorance of basic science like the conservation of momentum when they try to explain a bullet will miss its target because the earth rotates out from under it. The boat bullet and lighthouse are all moving around the earth together and the bullet will continue with the same momentum the boat has once it leaves the gun. It's the same reason that when we jump up in the air, the earth does move under us.
Here is one post as an example:
"Do you think you are on a ball spinning on an axis at 1,000 miles per hour?
And this ball is spinning around the sun at 67,000 miles per hour?
Trust your eyes, trust your experience. Have you ever felt movement?
Why is that?"
And also 490,000 mph through the galaxy
And our galaxy is moving 1.3 million miles per hour.
HERE IS WHY
Actually it is easily explained
**EASY TO EXPLAIN WITH REAL SCIENCE**
YES the Earth moves very fast. It spins (rotates) at a speed of about 1,000 miles per hour and orbits around the Sun at a speed of about 67,000 miles per hour. We do not feel any of this motion because these speeds are constant. The spinning and orbital speeds of Earth stay the same so we do not feel any acceleration or deceleration. You can only feel motion if your speed changes. For example, if you are in a plane at cruising altitude which is moving at a constant speed of even 500-600 miles per hour (with no turbulence), you will not feel much motion. However, when the plane accelerates or decelerates or if there is turbulence, then you DO feel acceleration. You feel acceleration, not constant speed.
When you jump up in the earth you come back down by conservation of momentum. Boat, bullet and lighthouse all moving together, so it will.
Flat earthers really show their ignorance of basic science like the conservation of momentum when they try to explain a bullet will miss its target because the earth rotates out from under it. The boat bullet and lighthouse are all moving around the earth together and the bullet will continue with the same momentum the boat has once it leaves the gun. It's the same reason that when we jump up in the air, the earth does move under us.
Flat Earth Tennis Ball Nonsense
Easy to explain, earth is rotating very slowly (once every 24 hours) and the mass of six sextillion tons via gravity EASILY keeps the water in place.
Go on a merry go round and rotate once every 24 hours... EXTREMELY SLOW!
Flat earthers confuse rotational speed and tangential speed.
Those pictures flat earthers use with tennis balls throwing off water are laughable. One, because they are spinning thousands of times faster than our earth spins, and two, they have so little mass, there is next to zero gravitational force.
All easily explained by high school physics.
Also Vacuums in space are not vacuum cleaners, they do not "suck".
Plus you misunderstand how LITTLE water there is on the planet, it would equate to only 1 tablespoon of water on the average sized globe (a very thing layer). Why Because the earth is 8000 miles in diameter and the mariana trench (deepest part of ocean), is only 7 miles by comparison.
But I, like you am against the shots, masks and agendas.
Vacuums don't "suck"
The vacuum argument doesn't hold. Vacuums never “suck” air. ... In fact, at the upper limits of the atmosphere, the air pressure reduces to basically nil. And since there's no real air pressure to speak of up there, then there is no force pushing the air into the empty space. Now, this doesn't mean gravity isn't at work here, quite the contrary it does. Flat earth arguments lack a basic understanding of how atmospheric pressure works. Towards sea level the pressure IS high, so creating vacuums in those situations WILL have a lot of pressure.
Easy to explain, earth is rotating very slowly (once every 24 hours) and the mass of six sextillion tons via gravity EASILY keeps the water in place.
Go on a merry go round and rotate once every 24 hours... EXTREMELY SLOW!
Flat earthers confuse rotational speed and tangential speed.
Those pictures flat earthers use with tennis balls throwing off water are laughable. One, because they are spinning thousands of times faster than our earth spins, and two, they have so little mass, there is next to zero gravitational force.
All easily explained by high school physics.
Also Vacuums in space are not vacuum cleaners, they do not "suck".
Plus you misunderstand how LITTLE water there is on the planet, it would equate to only 1 tablespoon of water on the average sized globe (a very thing layer). Why Because the earth is 8000 miles in diameter and the mariana trench (deepest part of ocean), is only 7 miles by comparison.
But I, like you am against the shots, masks and agendas.
Vacuums don't "suck"
The vacuum argument doesn't hold. Vacuums never “suck” air. ... In fact, at the upper limits of the atmosphere, the air pressure reduces to basically nil. And since there's no real air pressure to speak of up there, then there is no force pushing the air into the empty space. Now, this doesn't mean gravity isn't at work here, quite the contrary it does. Flat earth arguments lack a basic understanding of how atmospheric pressure works. Towards sea level the pressure IS high, so creating vacuums in those situations WILL have a lot of pressure.
Was this tested? Of course. You remember about the scientific method, right?
Hooke, following a 1679 suggestion from Newton, tried unsuccessfully to verify the predicted eastward deviation of a body dropped from a height of 8.2 meters, but definitive results were only obtained later, in the late 18th and early 19th century, by Giovanni Battista Guglielmini in Bologna, Johann Friedrich Benzenberg in Hamburg and Ferdinand Reich in Freiberg, using taller towers and carefully released weights. A ball dropped from a height of 158.5 m (520 ft) departed by 27.4 mm (1.08 in) from the vertical compared with a calculated value of 28.1 mm (1.11 in).
In conclusion: Yes, conservation of momentum is a thing.
Now you might say, BUT constant circular motion DOES produce a centrifugal acceleration. And you would be correct to say that. But because the earth is so big our tangential velocity is almost a perfect straight line our speed of even 1000 miles per hour is a constant one. I say almost but not quite which is why you weigh less about at the equator than the poles. It turns out the centrifugal acceleration/force is VERY low (only 1% of the acceleration/force due to gravity) and hence why we do not feel it. But it is EASILY calculated and explained with science and simple math. You are only a LITTLE BIT lighter (1% less = 2 pounds less if you weigh 200 pounds) at the equator than the poles, but yet it is measurable. Because of this LOW centrifugal force, the water, atmosphere and everything on the earth is rotating at the same speed and not flying away as the gravitational force (which you see every time you weigh yourself) is MUCH MUCH larger! (NOTE: earth's orbit around the sun is even straighter so there is even LESS centrifugal force and solar system going through galaxy even much more so. ALL these are constant velocities which is WHY they CANNOT be felt!!)
You can also think of it this way. The earth ROTATES VERY SLOWLY... It is only because it is 8000 miles in diameter is the tangential velocity at the equator high.
IF YOU rotated the same speed as the earth you would move TWICE as slow as the hour hand on your clock. Imagine rotating that slow yourself.
(BTW - flat-earthers have NO explanation of why people are LIGHTER at the equator than the poles, as it only makes sense in a spinning earth with its size and mass making one rotation a day.
And how is my explanation a word salad, it is actually science that has been known for several hundred years now. We know the earth's rotation speed = 1 revolution/1 day = 444 m/s at equator). We know the mass. We know the radius. We can easily calculate the centrifugal acceleration and SEE that it is MUCH MUCH less then the gravitational acceleration. This is why the water stays stuck to the spinning earth... The earth is spinning slow and the gravitational force is large because the earth is massive. What about that is a word salad? It is straight forward observable physics.
You can also think of it this way. The earth ROTATES VERY SLOWLY... It is only because it is 8000 miles in diameter is the tangential velocity at the equator high.
IF YOU rotated the same speed as the earth you would move TWICE as slow as the hour hand on your clock. Imagine rotating that slow yourself.
(BTW - flat-earthers have NO explanation of why people are LIGHTER at the equator than the poles, as it only makes sense in a spinning earth with its size and mass making one rotation a day.
And how is my explanation a word salad, it is actually science that has been known for several hundred years now. We know the earth's rotation speed = 1 revolution/1 day = 444 m/s at equator). We know the mass. We know the radius. We can easily calculate the centrifugal acceleration and SEE that it is MUCH MUCH less then the gravitational acceleration. This is why the water stays stuck to the spinning earth... The earth is spinning slow and the gravitational force is large because the earth is massive. What about that is a word salad? It is straight forward observable physics.
Helicopter Paradox
If the earth was spinning, flying vehicles could hover and wait for their destination to come to them.
Actually a fairly interesting one - I've heard it before from sincere questioners. Suppose, for a moment, that the question is a fair one.
What would this mean? It would mean that the wind isn't rotating with the earth. The speed they mention is ``over 1000 mph''. If the air isn't rotating with the earth, then it follows that the wind speed is always over 1000 mph (wind is relative motion between you and the air). It's not, so we deduce that the air rotates with the earth.
So, how much force would that generate on a vehicle flying? The formula for the drag force due to the air.
Flat earthers say that gravity would have to magically and inexplicably drags the atmosphere in perfect synchronization with the earth.
It is not really magically, it's called drag (drag is sort of like `friction' but with fluids instead of solids).
They also claim that rain, fireworks, etc. would behave differently if both the earth and the atmosphere were spinning. This is simply false; they wouldn't. Let's go to Wikipedia/Centrifugal Force. We find the forces for rotating frames.
If the earth was spinning, flying vehicles could hover and wait for their destination to come to them.
Actually a fairly interesting one - I've heard it before from sincere questioners. Suppose, for a moment, that the question is a fair one.
What would this mean? It would mean that the wind isn't rotating with the earth. The speed they mention is ``over 1000 mph''. If the air isn't rotating with the earth, then it follows that the wind speed is always over 1000 mph (wind is relative motion between you and the air). It's not, so we deduce that the air rotates with the earth.
So, how much force would that generate on a vehicle flying? The formula for the drag force due to the air.
Flat earthers say that gravity would have to magically and inexplicably drags the atmosphere in perfect synchronization with the earth.
It is not really magically, it's called drag (drag is sort of like `friction' but with fluids instead of solids).
They also claim that rain, fireworks, etc. would behave differently if both the earth and the atmosphere were spinning. This is simply false; they wouldn't. Let's go to Wikipedia/Centrifugal Force. We find the forces for rotating frames.
Flat earthers say that gravity would have to magically and inexplicably drags the atmosphere in perfect synchronization with the earth.
It is not really magically, it's called drag (drag is sort of like `friction' but with fluids instead of solids).
They also claim that rain, fireworks, etc. would behave differently if both the earth and the atmosphere were spinning. This is simply false; they wouldn't. Let's go to Wikipedia/Centrifugal Force. We find the forces for rotating frames.
It is not really magically, it's called drag (drag is sort of like `friction' but with fluids instead of solids).
They also claim that rain, fireworks, etc. would behave differently if both the earth and the atmosphere were spinning. This is simply false; they wouldn't. Let's go to Wikipedia/Centrifugal Force. We find the forces for rotating frames.
The first term is the Euler force, which is about a spinning system that is spinning at a changing rate. For the earth, which is roughly spinning at a constant speed, this contribution is zero.
The second term is the Coriolis force, which depends on the rate of spinning and the velocity of the object. You probably won't be surprised to learn that the earth spins very slowly; only 15 degrees per hour (twice as slow as the hour hand on your clock). This force is VERY SMALL! It would deflect the tennis ball on a Rafael Nadal serve less than a millimeter.
Finally, there's the centrifugal force. It's cancelled by gravity; after all, the frame is rotating because of gravity. Not exactly; in fact, gravity pulls you down which causes friction with the rotating surface which is what attaches you to the rotating frame.
Anyway, this 'layer has friction with layer' type of explanation works sort of nicely. The viscosity is a material property that we can use in a few specific models to properly calculate this sort of stuff.
The earth has been spinning for a few billion years. The entire atmosphere moves with it. There's no magic, just some physics.
However, the air isn't uniform. We already considered this for clouds; there's differences in density, amount of moisture, temperature and so on. Pressure differences also happen - they are related to the local weather.
The earth's friction to the air and the air's viscosity are one part of the story. If we look at smaller scales, we need more details. All of these details are significant on small scales, and cause things like wind, clouds, and so on - what is called weather.
The second term is the Coriolis force, which depends on the rate of spinning and the velocity of the object. You probably won't be surprised to learn that the earth spins very slowly; only 15 degrees per hour (twice as slow as the hour hand on your clock). This force is VERY SMALL! It would deflect the tennis ball on a Rafael Nadal serve less than a millimeter.
Finally, there's the centrifugal force. It's cancelled by gravity; after all, the frame is rotating because of gravity. Not exactly; in fact, gravity pulls you down which causes friction with the rotating surface which is what attaches you to the rotating frame.
Anyway, this 'layer has friction with layer' type of explanation works sort of nicely. The viscosity is a material property that we can use in a few specific models to properly calculate this sort of stuff.
The earth has been spinning for a few billion years. The entire atmosphere moves with it. There's no magic, just some physics.
However, the air isn't uniform. We already considered this for clouds; there's differences in density, amount of moisture, temperature and so on. Pressure differences also happen - they are related to the local weather.
The earth's friction to the air and the air's viscosity are one part of the story. If we look at smaller scales, we need more details. All of these details are significant on small scales, and cause things like wind, clouds, and so on - what is called weather.
Coriolis Force is Real
Coriolis DOES happen, ask any military ballistics expert knows you have to factor in the Coriolis force to give accurate projectile motion over a long distance. It is a VERY REAL and measurable force that comes from the earth's ROTATION (again something else not explainable on flat earth). Not to mention it is the force responsible for clockwise and counterclockwise storm rotations in both hemispheres. Again just ignorance of very basic and observable science.
Flat earthers like to use this image to the right below which has winds traveling in counter-rotating directions, but this directly conflicts with their model for the seasons. WE KNOW storm rotations do NOT vary by the seasons. So flat earthers by attempting to explaining one in their model disprove another. And there explanations on how the sun and moon can actually cause these patterns is electromagnetism (magnetic magic) but that makes no sense whatsoever? There is just no possible way this is correct and besides, wouldn't our compasses then start following the sun?? How can the winds be faster in the Southern Hemisphere? Why are storms faster down there? Non of this makes ANY kind of sense!
In actuality, the Coriolis effect is based on physics of rotating bodies, that is why the equator is the dividing line.
Coriolis DOES happen, ask any military ballistics expert knows you have to factor in the Coriolis force to give accurate projectile motion over a long distance. It is a VERY REAL and measurable force that comes from the earth's ROTATION (again something else not explainable on flat earth). Not to mention it is the force responsible for clockwise and counterclockwise storm rotations in both hemispheres. Again just ignorance of very basic and observable science.
Flat earthers like to use this image to the right below which has winds traveling in counter-rotating directions, but this directly conflicts with their model for the seasons. WE KNOW storm rotations do NOT vary by the seasons. So flat earthers by attempting to explaining one in their model disprove another. And there explanations on how the sun and moon can actually cause these patterns is electromagnetism (magnetic magic) but that makes no sense whatsoever? There is just no possible way this is correct and besides, wouldn't our compasses then start following the sun?? How can the winds be faster in the Southern Hemisphere? Why are storms faster down there? Non of this makes ANY kind of sense!
In actuality, the Coriolis effect is based on physics of rotating bodies, that is why the equator is the dividing line.
It's Easy to Prove the Earth is Spinning
Bob Knodel a flat earther, actually proved the earth is spinning (to his dismay) at 15 degrees per hour = surprise surprise, 24 hours per day using a $20,000 ring laser gyroscope. This ring laser gyroscope is as accurate as they come... THE EARTH IS SPINNING!! IT IS NOT STATIONARY... Also Foucault pendulum and Coriolos effect proves this too... OPEN YOUR EYES!!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7vrP8EplfP0
This short clip from behind the curve also demostrates FE-ers tendency to confirmation bias and cherry picking results.
Bob Knodel a flat earther, actually proved the earth is spinning (to his dismay) at 15 degrees per hour = surprise surprise, 24 hours per day using a $20,000 ring laser gyroscope. This ring laser gyroscope is as accurate as they come... THE EARTH IS SPINNING!! IT IS NOT STATIONARY... Also Foucault pendulum and Coriolos effect proves this too... OPEN YOUR EYES!!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7vrP8EplfP0
This short clip from behind the curve also demostrates FE-ers tendency to confirmation bias and cherry picking results.
4) Fult Tilt and Orbital Spin - The Spinning Globe's journey around the Sun.
The Heliocentric Model - This is Reality and we have more proof than moonshine.
The Heliocentric Model - This is Reality and we have more proof than moonshine.
Stellar parallax is actually a thing - and it is measurable. This parallax does exist, but is so small it was not detected until 1838, when Friedrich Bessel discovered a parallax of 0.314 arcseconds of the star 61 Cygni. It is small because stars are so far away.
5) Moon - Shattering the Fairy Tale of Flat earth's magic sun and moon fiction
6) Stars and Constellations - One of the greatest confirmations of the Spherical Spinning Earth!
Flat Earthers in De-Nile of Gravity.
For the most part, gravity is an equal force pulling down on all parts of the Earth at the same time. It doesn’t matter if it’s Mount Everest or the deepest depths of the Pacific. The principle difference between the two locations is their distance from the center of the earth.
Water doesn’t flow either downhill or uphill but follows the surface of the earth at any given location. Since all surface areas are measured by their distance from the center of the Earth – not just from the surface up – then water will flow from a point that is farther from the center of the Earth to a point that is closer. This distance can vary by as much as a a couple miles to as little as an inch. Up means altitude NOT latitude!
The reason the Nile flows the direction is does because the beginning of the river is farther from the earths center than the end (higher altitude as shown below image), and as such it has more energy (more gravitational potential energy). For the same reason a ball rolls down a hill, water flows from a higher elevation to a lower one.
Think of mountain creeks cascading into a lower pond, which then drains into a stream that might become a tributary flowing into a lake that spills its contents into a river that eventually reaches the ocean. Each step of the way is lower in elevation than the previous one, but also closer to the center of the Earth.
The below altitude profile of the Nile says it all.
NOTE: This gravitational potential energy is the same reason water FLOWS to your house from a water tower. The HIGHER ALTITUDE of the water in the tower has a greater gravitational potential energy than your house, hence it flows downward (in ALTITUDE). This is also how water power works in damns: Gravitational Potential Energy!
Thanks for your comment because it EXPLAINS MY POINT EXACTLY. Understanding Gravity and gravitational potential energy explains something that can be easily misunderstood by persuasive but sadly science depraved flat earth gurus. I get it, they make a good case with a lot of passion, even if it is wrong.
Link for more:
https://gilavalleycentral.net/if-the-earth-is-round-how-does-the-nile-river-flow-uphill/
For the most part, gravity is an equal force pulling down on all parts of the Earth at the same time. It doesn’t matter if it’s Mount Everest or the deepest depths of the Pacific. The principle difference between the two locations is their distance from the center of the earth.
Water doesn’t flow either downhill or uphill but follows the surface of the earth at any given location. Since all surface areas are measured by their distance from the center of the Earth – not just from the surface up – then water will flow from a point that is farther from the center of the Earth to a point that is closer. This distance can vary by as much as a a couple miles to as little as an inch. Up means altitude NOT latitude!
The reason the Nile flows the direction is does because the beginning of the river is farther from the earths center than the end (higher altitude as shown below image), and as such it has more energy (more gravitational potential energy). For the same reason a ball rolls down a hill, water flows from a higher elevation to a lower one.
Think of mountain creeks cascading into a lower pond, which then drains into a stream that might become a tributary flowing into a lake that spills its contents into a river that eventually reaches the ocean. Each step of the way is lower in elevation than the previous one, but also closer to the center of the Earth.
The below altitude profile of the Nile says it all.
NOTE: This gravitational potential energy is the same reason water FLOWS to your house from a water tower. The HIGHER ALTITUDE of the water in the tower has a greater gravitational potential energy than your house, hence it flows downward (in ALTITUDE). This is also how water power works in damns: Gravitational Potential Energy!
Thanks for your comment because it EXPLAINS MY POINT EXACTLY. Understanding Gravity and gravitational potential energy explains something that can be easily misunderstood by persuasive but sadly science depraved flat earth gurus. I get it, they make a good case with a lot of passion, even if it is wrong.
Link for more:
https://gilavalleycentral.net/if-the-earth-is-round-how-does-the-nile-river-flow-uphill/
I am thinking about writing a little ebook called "Physics for Flat Earthers". After debating several staunch flat earthers, it is clear they don't have a basic grasp of science. And their inability to learn science is not an argument against it.
Flat earth is EASILY PROVEN WRONG WITH A BASIC UNDERSTANDING OF PHYSICS AND SCIENCE !!!
My hope is that for those with an open mind to understand science, you'll easily see the flat earth conjecture is absurd. And furthermore, you'll find the REAL model of the earth is more beautiful and inspiring anyway. It really is. The Heliocentric model of the solar system and the spinning spherical earth really does explain everything we see on planet earth. But you need the science to get it.
I have a bachelors and masters degree in physics and taught math and physics for FIVE years, at the college level, so I am qualified I think...
Every single flat earther proof or claim I have seen without exception is easy to debunk with science and/or some honest fact checking (here are the main issues):
a) Lack of understanding basic science like conservation of momentum, gravity, coriolis force, drag or friction, optics, perspective, astronomy, electromagnetism, geology, and more. It really blows me away the absurdity of the pseudoscience they use.
b) Cherry picking - Flat earthers love to cherry pick quotes out of context from people or research papers, they cherry pick fish eye lens photos where the concavity point gently upward to make the earth look flat at high altitude (to name a few examples).
c) Deflection - When you tell a flat earther something that is impossible on a flat earth, like known flight paths and times from Santiago to Sydney (opposite sides of flat earth map), they deflect with something else, send you a video, or picture or meme. Why? Because these things are impossible on a flat earth and they have no rational answer because there is none.
d) Deception - sadly as much as flat earthers claim deception by NASA they are guilty of it over and over again. I have seen so much misquoting, fake pictures, fake science, and lies by flat earth influencers, it is really disgraceful. To be clear, there are many that are sincerely looking for truth, but I am talking about flat earth priests at the top like Eric Dubay, David Weiss, Santos Bonacci, Eddie Bravo, Bob Knodel, Mark Sergeant and others.
e) It's a fake. Flat earthers like to claim all photos from space showing curvature are fakes, ISS and satellites are fakes (or rather they are all high altitude balloons only?). Flat earthers love to say other absurdities like we have never been to the moon, when in actuality the U.S. has alone 6 times. We have a lot of very real pictures from space showing the earth is a curved and is a sphere. We have even sent up satellites to image the dark side of the moon with the very round earth in the background, etc. etc. etc. But no matter, it if is a picture from space its gotta be fake. Why? Because according to mainstream flat earth gospel there is no space, we live in a big Truman show dome.
f) Flat earthers utterly fail to comprehend how big the earth is and why it takes an altitude of 60,000 feet to really see the curvature clearly. The earth is huge, some 8000 miles in diameter. Mount Everest is only 6 miles by comparison. Cruising altitudes of commercial planes is only 7 miles. This is less then 1/1000 the diameter of the earth! So I get it, IT DOES LOOK FLAT, but above 60,0000 feet you can see it is not. Up in the space station, it is obvious. On the moon, it is undeniable. The earth is a sphere (but there are many many proofs at sea level that show the earth is a sphere, they are just not as obvious as seeing it - but no less convincing for a scientist).
Why am I doing this?
Firstly, too many truthers are falling for the flat earth and it is discrediting much more important topics. I have seen many threads now lumping anti-vaxxer with those believing in a flat earth together, INCLUDING ME! I responded to one guy with my long scrolling proof of why the earth is a sphere and he was IMPRESSED, again people will listen more if we don't hold concurrently to absurd models of reality.
Secondly, as someone who is a seeker of truth it makes me cringe to see other truthers buy into this! I am sympathetic so please I am not trying to judge or put you down, I am more trying to expose those AT THE TOP, that are deceiving people and hoping giving you the science and tools to see it for yourself. Just please keep an open mind and don't be too attached to flat earth because I promise with the upcoming high altitude launches, supersonic high altitude planes, and yes Artemis, the next mission to the moon in 2024, etc. flat earth will forever slinker away into oblivion.
Flat earth is EASILY PROVEN WRONG WITH A BASIC UNDERSTANDING OF PHYSICS AND SCIENCE !!!
My hope is that for those with an open mind to understand science, you'll easily see the flat earth conjecture is absurd. And furthermore, you'll find the REAL model of the earth is more beautiful and inspiring anyway. It really is. The Heliocentric model of the solar system and the spinning spherical earth really does explain everything we see on planet earth. But you need the science to get it.
I have a bachelors and masters degree in physics and taught math and physics for FIVE years, at the college level, so I am qualified I think...
Every single flat earther proof or claim I have seen without exception is easy to debunk with science and/or some honest fact checking (here are the main issues):
a) Lack of understanding basic science like conservation of momentum, gravity, coriolis force, drag or friction, optics, perspective, astronomy, electromagnetism, geology, and more. It really blows me away the absurdity of the pseudoscience they use.
b) Cherry picking - Flat earthers love to cherry pick quotes out of context from people or research papers, they cherry pick fish eye lens photos where the concavity point gently upward to make the earth look flat at high altitude (to name a few examples).
c) Deflection - When you tell a flat earther something that is impossible on a flat earth, like known flight paths and times from Santiago to Sydney (opposite sides of flat earth map), they deflect with something else, send you a video, or picture or meme. Why? Because these things are impossible on a flat earth and they have no rational answer because there is none.
d) Deception - sadly as much as flat earthers claim deception by NASA they are guilty of it over and over again. I have seen so much misquoting, fake pictures, fake science, and lies by flat earth influencers, it is really disgraceful. To be clear, there are many that are sincerely looking for truth, but I am talking about flat earth priests at the top like Eric Dubay, David Weiss, Santos Bonacci, Eddie Bravo, Bob Knodel, Mark Sergeant and others.
e) It's a fake. Flat earthers like to claim all photos from space showing curvature are fakes, ISS and satellites are fakes (or rather they are all high altitude balloons only?). Flat earthers love to say other absurdities like we have never been to the moon, when in actuality the U.S. has alone 6 times. We have a lot of very real pictures from space showing the earth is a curved and is a sphere. We have even sent up satellites to image the dark side of the moon with the very round earth in the background, etc. etc. etc. But no matter, it if is a picture from space its gotta be fake. Why? Because according to mainstream flat earth gospel there is no space, we live in a big Truman show dome.
f) Flat earthers utterly fail to comprehend how big the earth is and why it takes an altitude of 60,000 feet to really see the curvature clearly. The earth is huge, some 8000 miles in diameter. Mount Everest is only 6 miles by comparison. Cruising altitudes of commercial planes is only 7 miles. This is less then 1/1000 the diameter of the earth! So I get it, IT DOES LOOK FLAT, but above 60,0000 feet you can see it is not. Up in the space station, it is obvious. On the moon, it is undeniable. The earth is a sphere (but there are many many proofs at sea level that show the earth is a sphere, they are just not as obvious as seeing it - but no less convincing for a scientist).
Why am I doing this?
Firstly, too many truthers are falling for the flat earth and it is discrediting much more important topics. I have seen many threads now lumping anti-vaxxer with those believing in a flat earth together, INCLUDING ME! I responded to one guy with my long scrolling proof of why the earth is a sphere and he was IMPRESSED, again people will listen more if we don't hold concurrently to absurd models of reality.
Secondly, as someone who is a seeker of truth it makes me cringe to see other truthers buy into this! I am sympathetic so please I am not trying to judge or put you down, I am more trying to expose those AT THE TOP, that are deceiving people and hoping giving you the science and tools to see it for yourself. Just please keep an open mind and don't be too attached to flat earth because I promise with the upcoming high altitude launches, supersonic high altitude planes, and yes Artemis, the next mission to the moon in 2024, etc. flat earth will forever slinker away into oblivion.