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Dr Pawluk Recommended Devices
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Dr William Pawluk Power Tools for Health "Errata" & BAD Physics Exposé!
More is NOT Better!!
An Errata is post-publishing corrections to a book, especially books that have incorrect quantitative information.
Pages 8-18 in Dr Pawluk's Book, "Power Tools for Health", is a chapter on Electrodynamics and Physics that contains MANY serious mistakes that lay the foundation for the ENTIRE book.
Most egregious are his misuse of the Inverse Square law that leads to answers off by up to 5600% AND his misunderstanding of Faraday's Law of Induction. There are Many other scientific mistakes we'll explore but THESE are the main two he uses to justify NEEDING a high intensity PEMF device. So basically he is using INCORRECT physics in telling people that they need high intensity.
Pages 8-18 in Dr Pawluk's Book, "Power Tools for Health", is a chapter on Electrodynamics and Physics that contains MANY serious mistakes that lay the foundation for the ENTIRE book.
Most egregious are his misuse of the Inverse Square law that leads to answers off by up to 5600% AND his misunderstanding of Faraday's Law of Induction. There are Many other scientific mistakes we'll explore but THESE are the main two he uses to justify NEEDING a high intensity PEMF device. So basically he is using INCORRECT physics in telling people that they need high intensity.
While there are SEVERAL errors related to Physics in Dr Pawluk's Book Power Tools for Health, there are TWO mistakes that are so bad that they totally discredit the THESIS of his book. What I mean is Dr Pawluk USES these two laws as justification of needing high intensity! And as we'll see his bad science gives answers that are off by over 5000%!!
Let's take a deeper look at these very serious mistakes as they APPEAR in his book. Dr Pawluk's errors in his book are in red and direct quotes and italicized for emphasis. Correct Physics is in green for clarity.
Let's take a deeper look at these very serious mistakes as they APPEAR in his book. Dr Pawluk's errors in his book are in red and direct quotes and italicized for emphasis. Correct Physics is in green for clarity.
***Not only does he use bad science, but he literally quotes HIS OWN Study on page 14 to justify Needing High Intensity!!
"Research evidence continually and consistently shows that the intensity of a therapeutic magnetic field is important, perhaps more so than any other component. Even the other components of a magnetic field, such as frequency or waveform, rely on the intensity of the PEMF signal at the tissue being stimulated."
Footnote 331 on Page 270
Pawluk W. Clinical dosimetry of extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields. Chapter 17, In Dosimetry in Bioelectromagnetics, CRC Press, publication Jan 2017, Markov M, Editor.
So by quoting his OWN study this is clearly his opinion and it is an opinion that is based on bad physics and cherry picking research studies to prove his point.
"Research evidence continually and consistently shows that the intensity of a therapeutic magnetic field is important, perhaps more so than any other component. Even the other components of a magnetic field, such as frequency or waveform, rely on the intensity of the PEMF signal at the tissue being stimulated."
Footnote 331 on Page 270
Pawluk W. Clinical dosimetry of extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields. Chapter 17, In Dosimetry in Bioelectromagnetics, CRC Press, publication Jan 2017, Markov M, Editor.
So by quoting his OWN study this is clearly his opinion and it is an opinion that is based on bad physics and cherry picking research studies to prove his point.
Evidence that MORE is not better.
1) Induced electric fields enhance ATP in the cells which is needed for the healing and repair process. This is important because energy from ATP is needed to power cell migrations and the synthesis of new proteins and other molecules that need to be replaced. This was demonstrated by Cheng (1982) who found that currents between 10-1000uA produced a 3 to 5 fold increase in ATP levels. Higher currents into the milliampere range DECREASE protein synthesis!!! This has important clinical applications on the healing of wounds.
The effects on AtP production can be explained by proton movements on the basis of the chemiosmotic theory of Mitchell, while the transport functions are controlled by modification in the electrical gradients across the membranes.
Cheng N, Van Hoof H, Bockx E, Hoogmartens MJ, Mulier JC, De Dijcker FJ, Sansen WM, De Loecker W. The effects of electric currents on ATP generation, protein synthesis, and membrane transport of rat skin. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1982 Nov-Dec;(171):264-72. PMID: 7140077.
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2) Values of applied current below 2uA/cm^2 are ineffective, while currents over 50 uA/cm^2 may cause necrosis of the tissue. For this reason, the apparatus employed in clinical pace is limited in tension (typically below 2.3 V).
Friedenberg ZB, Andrews ET, Smolenski BI, Pearl BW, Brighton CT. Bone reaction to varying amounts of direct current. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1970 Nov;131(5):894-9. PMID: 5471542.
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3) For both clinical and experimental applications, use has been made of signals with frequency of repetition rate rang- ing from 2 to 100 Hz, with spectral content up to 100 kHz, with intensity between 0.1 and 30 gauss of magnetic induction (10 G = 1 mT) and with induced electric field from 0.01 to 10 mV/cm. More limited findings have been reported with magnetic fields of greater intensity, up to 200 Gauss.
Cadossi, Matteo & Frizziero, Antonio & Vulpiani, Maria & Creta, Domenico & Costantino, Cosimo & Santamato, Andrea & Valent, Alessandro & Franceschi, Francesco & Setti, Stefania. (2014). Clinical Application of biophysical stimulation on bone in Europe.
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IF YOUR MUSCLES TWITCH - ITS TOO MUCH!!!!
10 Milliamps / 35 Volts to induce twitching.
First twitches begin around 4-6 mA, and maximum force contraction begins around
Muscle cross section 100 cm^2
50 uA/cm^2 * 100 cm^2 = 5000 uA = 5 mA.
2.3 Volts
1) Induced electric fields enhance ATP in the cells which is needed for the healing and repair process. This is important because energy from ATP is needed to power cell migrations and the synthesis of new proteins and other molecules that need to be replaced. This was demonstrated by Cheng (1982) who found that currents between 10-1000uA produced a 3 to 5 fold increase in ATP levels. Higher currents into the milliampere range DECREASE protein synthesis!!! This has important clinical applications on the healing of wounds.
The effects on AtP production can be explained by proton movements on the basis of the chemiosmotic theory of Mitchell, while the transport functions are controlled by modification in the electrical gradients across the membranes.
Cheng N, Van Hoof H, Bockx E, Hoogmartens MJ, Mulier JC, De Dijcker FJ, Sansen WM, De Loecker W. The effects of electric currents on ATP generation, protein synthesis, and membrane transport of rat skin. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1982 Nov-Dec;(171):264-72. PMID: 7140077.
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2) Values of applied current below 2uA/cm^2 are ineffective, while currents over 50 uA/cm^2 may cause necrosis of the tissue. For this reason, the apparatus employed in clinical pace is limited in tension (typically below 2.3 V).
Friedenberg ZB, Andrews ET, Smolenski BI, Pearl BW, Brighton CT. Bone reaction to varying amounts of direct current. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1970 Nov;131(5):894-9. PMID: 5471542.
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3) For both clinical and experimental applications, use has been made of signals with frequency of repetition rate rang- ing from 2 to 100 Hz, with spectral content up to 100 kHz, with intensity between 0.1 and 30 gauss of magnetic induction (10 G = 1 mT) and with induced electric field from 0.01 to 10 mV/cm. More limited findings have been reported with magnetic fields of greater intensity, up to 200 Gauss.
Cadossi, Matteo & Frizziero, Antonio & Vulpiani, Maria & Creta, Domenico & Costantino, Cosimo & Santamato, Andrea & Valent, Alessandro & Franceschi, Francesco & Setti, Stefania. (2014). Clinical Application of biophysical stimulation on bone in Europe.
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IF YOUR MUSCLES TWITCH - ITS TOO MUCH!!!!
10 Milliamps / 35 Volts to induce twitching.
First twitches begin around 4-6 mA, and maximum force contraction begins around
Muscle cross section 100 cm^2
50 uA/cm^2 * 100 cm^2 = 5000 uA = 5 mA.
2.3 Volts
Robert O. Becker pointed out repeatedly that using microcurrent or PEMF therapy for regeneration of damaged or missing body parts is far more natural than surgery, transplants or prosthetics.
Becker has shown that very low levels of electrical stimulation can cause cultures of so-called differentiated cells to de-differentiate into totipotent cells capable of forming all of the tissues needed to replace a lost or damaged part. His fascinating description of this breakthrough research can be found in his book, "The Body Electric".
The key to Becker's demonstration was reducing the strength of the electrical stimulation. Following the usual way scientists tend to look as such matters, he assumed a large current would be more effective than a small one. The OPPOSITE was correct.
In the experiments on frog red blood cells, conducted by a student named Frederick Brown, the test current was reduced, a step at a time, until they reached the lowest current the apparatus could produce, with the intensity control turned to ZERO, which was about a billionth of an ampere (amp). This stimulation produced dramatic de-differentiation = INCREASED STEM CELLS!!
That is, the LOWEST or smallest current created the GREATEST healing and regeneration effects. PROOF THAT LESS IS MORE in PEMF and micro-current therapy.
NOTE: PEMF INDUCES micro-currents deeper and better than even micro-current devices due to the nature of the body being transparent to magnetic fields. Micro-currents (TENS/EStim, etc) get blocked and slowed down via impedance/resistance effects of the skin and tissues.
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Mikhail Zhadin
Discovered that vanishingly small magnetic intensities are biologically active down to nano and picotesla intensities. He found many therapeutic PEMF devices turned out to be even more efficacious when smaller intensities are used.
- From Liboff Chapter 34 "Electromagnetic Therapy" a Primer
Bioelectromagnetic and Subtle Energy Medicine
Liboff, Abraham. (2015). Electromagnetic Therapy: A Primer.
Becker has shown that very low levels of electrical stimulation can cause cultures of so-called differentiated cells to de-differentiate into totipotent cells capable of forming all of the tissues needed to replace a lost or damaged part. His fascinating description of this breakthrough research can be found in his book, "The Body Electric".
The key to Becker's demonstration was reducing the strength of the electrical stimulation. Following the usual way scientists tend to look as such matters, he assumed a large current would be more effective than a small one. The OPPOSITE was correct.
In the experiments on frog red blood cells, conducted by a student named Frederick Brown, the test current was reduced, a step at a time, until they reached the lowest current the apparatus could produce, with the intensity control turned to ZERO, which was about a billionth of an ampere (amp). This stimulation produced dramatic de-differentiation = INCREASED STEM CELLS!!
That is, the LOWEST or smallest current created the GREATEST healing and regeneration effects. PROOF THAT LESS IS MORE in PEMF and micro-current therapy.
NOTE: PEMF INDUCES micro-currents deeper and better than even micro-current devices due to the nature of the body being transparent to magnetic fields. Micro-currents (TENS/EStim, etc) get blocked and slowed down via impedance/resistance effects of the skin and tissues.
=====
Mikhail Zhadin
Discovered that vanishingly small magnetic intensities are biologically active down to nano and picotesla intensities. He found many therapeutic PEMF devices turned out to be even more efficacious when smaller intensities are used.
- From Liboff Chapter 34 "Electromagnetic Therapy" a Primer
Bioelectromagnetic and Subtle Energy Medicine
Liboff, Abraham. (2015). Electromagnetic Therapy: A Primer.
I. Serious Mistake #1 Faraday's Law
Page 10-11 in his Book Power Tools for Health and his videos.
Page 10-11 in his Book Power Tools for Health and his videos.
Incorrect or Misleading Statements about Faraday's Law pgs 10-12
1) "Therapeutically speaking what matters most is is the amount of time it takes for the wave to reach its peak from the baseline on the front edge of the waveform. This is represented as dB/dT. This means the change (d) in intensity (B) divided by the change (d) in time (T)." (pg 10)
This is INCORRECT, Faraday's Law is
EMF = -dΦ/dt
Φ is the FLUX and is equal to the Intensity of the Field TIMES the AREA!!
You have to incorporate the size and Geometry of the Coil to Get the Right Answer!!
EMF is the electromotive force in Volts which is the drive force for ion transport in the body. Φ= L*I which means it depends on BOTH the intensity AND the geometry or SIZE of the coil!
Also he forgets the MINUS sign which is a critical error ... Minus sign is Lenz's law that states the Induced EMF will will circulate in a direction to create an opposing magnetic field to change. Nature abhors a change in flux. What this means it TAKES ENERGY do change the flux.
2) "The bigger the dB/dT, the greater the energy production in the tissues being stimulated." (pg 10)
FALSE this is NOT Energy. Energy is U = 1/2*L*I^2 or also it can be represented as u = B^/2u but you have to integrate over the entire volume...
3) "It's likely that dB/dT, and therefore magnetic field intensity, is the more important factor for the therapeutic use of PEMFs." (pg 10)
Again False
EMF = -dΦ/dt
I tell people the -dΦ/dt is important, one of THE most important things along with the frequency spectrum the signal produces... But INTENSITY is only 1/3 of Faradays law and even there not the most important thing!!
The key point is Both EMF AND energy depend on 3 Things!
1) The Intensity I or B (current or magnetic field)
2) L, the inductance which is the size and geometry of the source coil
3) How rapidly the FLUX Φ changes (not B).
See video below with an example of .7 Gauss PEMF created GREATER inductance than a 5 Gauss!!! Dr Pawluk does not understand Faraday's Law (clearly) since he sells sine wave devices!!
1) "Therapeutically speaking what matters most is is the amount of time it takes for the wave to reach its peak from the baseline on the front edge of the waveform. This is represented as dB/dT. This means the change (d) in intensity (B) divided by the change (d) in time (T)." (pg 10)
This is INCORRECT, Faraday's Law is
EMF = -dΦ/dt
Φ is the FLUX and is equal to the Intensity of the Field TIMES the AREA!!
You have to incorporate the size and Geometry of the Coil to Get the Right Answer!!
EMF is the electromotive force in Volts which is the drive force for ion transport in the body. Φ= L*I which means it depends on BOTH the intensity AND the geometry or SIZE of the coil!
Also he forgets the MINUS sign which is a critical error ... Minus sign is Lenz's law that states the Induced EMF will will circulate in a direction to create an opposing magnetic field to change. Nature abhors a change in flux. What this means it TAKES ENERGY do change the flux.
2) "The bigger the dB/dT, the greater the energy production in the tissues being stimulated." (pg 10)
FALSE this is NOT Energy. Energy is U = 1/2*L*I^2 or also it can be represented as u = B^/2u but you have to integrate over the entire volume...
3) "It's likely that dB/dT, and therefore magnetic field intensity, is the more important factor for the therapeutic use of PEMFs." (pg 10)
Again False
EMF = -dΦ/dt
I tell people the -dΦ/dt is important, one of THE most important things along with the frequency spectrum the signal produces... But INTENSITY is only 1/3 of Faradays law and even there not the most important thing!!
The key point is Both EMF AND energy depend on 3 Things!
1) The Intensity I or B (current or magnetic field)
2) L, the inductance which is the size and geometry of the source coil
3) How rapidly the FLUX Φ changes (not B).
See video below with an example of .7 Gauss PEMF created GREATER inductance than a 5 Gauss!!! Dr Pawluk does not understand Faraday's Law (clearly) since he sells sine wave devices!!
Further Comments:
And if the dB/dt or More correctly -dΦ/dt is so imporant as dr Pawluk SAYS it is, WHY DOES HE SELL A SINE WAVE PEMF DEVICE (Biobalance) and actually RECOMMEND IT CURRENTLY AS THE GO TO FULL BODY MAT TO GET???
See charts below of Signal of Biobalance at 5 Gauss (500 uT) and how it INDUCES LESS VOLTAGE THAN iMRS 2000 which is .7 Gauss or 70 uT!
Based on my repeated test that I verified over and over on Biobalance on Highest setting using several programs, the BEST reading I could get was below! And this was putting the current loop LITERALLY in the middle of the coil. IMRS induced 4x the Voltage at 1/7 the intensity... WHY?
Two Reasons iMRS induced more Voltage
1) Larger Coils = More Flux
2) iMRS sawtooth has great -dΦ/dt that Biobalance
3) Intensity is only 1/3 of Faraday's Law. Even though Biobalance has more intensity it has much smaller coils (4cm radius vs 11 cm radius) and much slower rise and fall.
Clearly INTENSITY IS NOT THE MOST IMPORTANT FACTOR IN FARADAY'S LAW AS DR PAWLUK SAYS!!
He literally contradicts himself saying one thing in his book and SELLING on his website the very opposite of what he says is most important (dB/dt)
And if the dB/dt or More correctly -dΦ/dt is so imporant as dr Pawluk SAYS it is, WHY DOES HE SELL A SINE WAVE PEMF DEVICE (Biobalance) and actually RECOMMEND IT CURRENTLY AS THE GO TO FULL BODY MAT TO GET???
See charts below of Signal of Biobalance at 5 Gauss (500 uT) and how it INDUCES LESS VOLTAGE THAN iMRS 2000 which is .7 Gauss or 70 uT!
Based on my repeated test that I verified over and over on Biobalance on Highest setting using several programs, the BEST reading I could get was below! And this was putting the current loop LITERALLY in the middle of the coil. IMRS induced 4x the Voltage at 1/7 the intensity... WHY?
Two Reasons iMRS induced more Voltage
1) Larger Coils = More Flux
2) iMRS sawtooth has great -dΦ/dt that Biobalance
3) Intensity is only 1/3 of Faraday's Law. Even though Biobalance has more intensity it has much smaller coils (4cm radius vs 11 cm radius) and much slower rise and fall.
Clearly INTENSITY IS NOT THE MOST IMPORTANT FACTOR IN FARADAY'S LAW AS DR PAWLUK SAYS!!
He literally contradicts himself saying one thing in his book and SELLING on his website the very opposite of what he says is most important (dB/dt)
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II. Mistake #2 Inverse Square Law
Page 11-14 in his Book Power Tools for Health and his videos.
Page 11-14 in his Book Power Tools for Health and his videos.
Incorrect or Misleading Statements about Inverse Square Law pgs 11-14
1) "Intensity is measured in gauss (G) or Tesla (T). For our purpose, intensity is a measurement of the strength or power of a magnetic field. It's actually more scientifically accurate to use the terms "flux density" or "magnetic induction" when dealing with magnetic fields." (pg 11)
1) "Intensity is measured in gauss (G) or Tesla (T). For our purpose, intensity is a measurement of the strength or power of a magnetic field. It's actually more scientifically accurate to use the terms "flux density" or "magnetic induction" when dealing with magnetic fields." (pg 11)
This is only partly true...
Yes intensity is measured in Gauss or Tesla and yes intensity is ALSO called magnetic flux density... But I don't think he understands what that really means.
Magnetic field flux density or INTENSITY, is just a point measurement of the field. To get the entire MAGNETIC FLUX we need to INTEGRATE over the entire area of the coil.
Also incorrectly he says magnetic intensity is also called magnetic induction... WRONG! As we stated in the last section, magnetic induction is
EMF = -dΦ/dt where Φ is the FLUX!
In fact Magnetic FLUX is more important than intensity because it is FLUX that related to EMF, Energy and POWER NOT INTENSITY!!!!
Yes intensity is measured in Gauss or Tesla and yes intensity is ALSO called magnetic flux density... But I don't think he understands what that really means.
Magnetic field flux density or INTENSITY, is just a point measurement of the field. To get the entire MAGNETIC FLUX we need to INTEGRATE over the entire area of the coil.
Also incorrectly he says magnetic intensity is also called magnetic induction... WRONG! As we stated in the last section, magnetic induction is
EMF = -dΦ/dt where Φ is the FLUX!
In fact Magnetic FLUX is more important than intensity because it is FLUX that related to EMF, Energy and POWER NOT INTENSITY!!!!
2) "The Inverse Square Rule is a basic law of physics that refers to the intensity (in this case, of a magnetic field) being inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source of the field. Put simply, the intensity of an electromagnetic field decreases rapidly as you move away from the source... The degree of reduction is based on the inverse square rule." (pg 11)
This is True, but ONLY FOR POINT SOURCES!!! The image below is used on many high intensity websites as so called evidence for needing high intensity, but it is WRONG FOR PEMF COILS!!! Unless of course the coils were infinitesimally small!
For coils like the iMRS 2000 or BEMER, this gives answers that are WAY WAY OFF!!!
This is True, but ONLY FOR POINT SOURCES!!! The image below is used on many high intensity websites as so called evidence for needing high intensity, but it is WRONG FOR PEMF COILS!!! Unless of course the coils were infinitesimally small!
For coils like the iMRS 2000 or BEMER, this gives answers that are WAY WAY OFF!!!
Further Comments:
THIS IS MISLEADING AND INCORRECT IN THE WAY HE DOES THE CALCULATIONS.
The Inverse Square is for a point or spherical source ONLY... And even a spherical source it is 1/R^2 where capital R is the Radius of the sphere. So larger spheres have slower dropoffs (like the earth) then smaller spheres.
The final equation you need to use depends on the SIZE and geometry of the SOURCE!!! It is almost NEVER an inverse square with most objects. We gave to have to INTEGRATE over the source of the charge, mass, light or CURRENT in the case of PEMF.
THIS IS MISLEADING AND INCORRECT IN THE WAY HE DOES THE CALCULATIONS.
The Inverse Square is for a point or spherical source ONLY... And even a spherical source it is 1/R^2 where capital R is the Radius of the sphere. So larger spheres have slower dropoffs (like the earth) then smaller spheres.
The final equation you need to use depends on the SIZE and geometry of the SOURCE!!! It is almost NEVER an inverse square with most objects. We gave to have to INTEGRATE over the source of the charge, mass, light or CURRENT in the case of PEMF.
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You need to use the Biot Savart Law and Integrate over the Source of the Coil. This does NOT give you an inverse square drop-off... Dr Pawluk is using the WRONG EQUATION!!
And since most PEMF devices use (usually) a circular current loop the final equation becomes like in image below where the drop-off depends on NOT only the distance away "z" (like a 1/r^2 law) but ALSO THE RADIUS OF THE COIL "R"!!
And since most PEMF devices use (usually) a circular current loop the final equation becomes like in image below where the drop-off depends on NOT only the distance away "z" (like a 1/r^2 law) but ALSO THE RADIUS OF THE COIL "R"!!
As we'll see when you use the Inverse square law incorrectly like Dr Pawluk's book, videos, presentations and website - it gives answer off by over 5000%!
Why not an inverse square? We have to integrate or add up all the little current segments to get the TOTAL field.
A loop of current depends on TWO variables, the radius of the loop AND the distance away. Larger Loops create larger magnetic fields (which makes sense because there is MORE current flowing in a larger loop) with greater magnetic fluxes and gradients (more on this later).
Because of this HUGE Error Dr Pawluk's chart's and graphs are NOT EVEN CLOSE to being accurate, in fact they are off by over 5000%!!
A loop of current depends on TWO variables, the radius of the loop AND the distance away. Larger Loops create larger magnetic fields (which makes sense because there is MORE current flowing in a larger loop) with greater magnetic fluxes and gradients (more on this later).
Because of this HUGE Error Dr Pawluk's chart's and graphs are NOT EVEN CLOSE to being accurate, in fact they are off by over 5000%!!
Charts and Comments from Pages 11-12 in Dr Pawluk's Book
3) ""In Figure 1.5, the intensity of the magnetic field is represented on the vertical axis and measured in mT, ranging from 1mT (10 gauss) to 100 mT (1000 gauss). This distance from the surface of the applicator is represented on the horizontal axis and measured in centimeters, from 1 to 13 cm. This figure shows that at about 8 cm away from the applicator, all the magnetic field intensities are at or below 1mT (10 gauss)."
"In Figure 1.6, at at 6 cm away from the applicator, a 100 mT (1000 gauss) magnetic field has dropped to around 2 mT (20 gauss). This is a 98% drop in the intensity of the magnetic field in this short distance. The same ratio of intensity applies to all of the different magnetic field strengths in the graphic, extending from 1-100mT."
3) ""In Figure 1.5, the intensity of the magnetic field is represented on the vertical axis and measured in mT, ranging from 1mT (10 gauss) to 100 mT (1000 gauss). This distance from the surface of the applicator is represented on the horizontal axis and measured in centimeters, from 1 to 13 cm. This figure shows that at about 8 cm away from the applicator, all the magnetic field intensities are at or below 1mT (10 gauss)."
"In Figure 1.6, at at 6 cm away from the applicator, a 100 mT (1000 gauss) magnetic field has dropped to around 2 mT (20 gauss). This is a 98% drop in the intensity of the magnetic field in this short distance. The same ratio of intensity applies to all of the different magnetic field strengths in the graphic, extending from 1-100mT."
This is ONLY if you use a .25 inch radius coil!! This is about .6 Centimeters in Radius! See below... I spent A LOT of time trying to figure out what he was doing with these graphs above and chart below, which come from the incorrect use of the inverse square law. To make these numbers work for 0, .5, 1 and 2 inches you need to use a sphere of radius .25 inches of .63 cm.
To give you a sense of HOW SMALL this is, here is the OMI 1 centimeter Radius Coil which by the way is one of the SMALLEST coils I have seen and it is STILL 2x as big as Dr Pawluk's Calculations!!!
So that little dinky OMI coil will still create LARGER INTENSITY VALUES THAN Dr Pawluk's Chart.
Magnetic flux numbers are r^2 based on area, so the iMRS 2000 coil will have literally about 300 TIMES more flux than Dr Pawluk's small coil/sphere.
EVEN THE OMI COIL WILL HAVE 2.5 TIMES MORE FLUX!!!
These NUMBERS IN Dr Pawluk's Book ARE TOTAL B.S. (Bad Science) because NO ONE IS USING SUCH TINY COILS IN THEIR PEMF DEVICES!!!
To give you a sense of HOW SMALL this is, here is the OMI 1 centimeter Radius Coil which by the way is one of the SMALLEST coils I have seen and it is STILL 2x as big as Dr Pawluk's Calculations!!!
So that little dinky OMI coil will still create LARGER INTENSITY VALUES THAN Dr Pawluk's Chart.
Magnetic flux numbers are r^2 based on area, so the iMRS 2000 coil will have literally about 300 TIMES more flux than Dr Pawluk's small coil/sphere.
EVEN THE OMI COIL WILL HAVE 2.5 TIMES MORE FLUX!!!
These NUMBERS IN Dr Pawluk's Book ARE TOTAL B.S. (Bad Science) because NO ONE IS USING SUCH TINY COILS IN THEIR PEMF DEVICES!!!
4) "If you start with a low intensity magnetic field at the surface of an applicator, the you will end up with an extremely low intensity magnetic field on the other side of the body. This is one of the primary reasons I emphasize maximum magnetic field intensity so much so when it comes to healing the body." (pg 13).
WRONG!!!
Again the KEY is Magnetic FLUX and -dΦ/dt AND Frequency Spectrums and Resonance of the signal NOT intensity. Intensity is only 1/3 of Faradays law and Faradays law is 1/2 of what you should be looking for!!
But when you DO calculate intensity, you NEED TO USE THE BIOT SAVART law and integrate over the source current loop. Dr Pawluk's arguments are all based on a .63 cm radius coil (that no PEMF company uses and BAD BAD Physics!!!
WRONG!!!
Again the KEY is Magnetic FLUX and -dΦ/dt AND Frequency Spectrums and Resonance of the signal NOT intensity. Intensity is only 1/3 of Faradays law and Faradays law is 1/2 of what you should be looking for!!
But when you DO calculate intensity, you NEED TO USE THE BIOT SAVART law and integrate over the source current loop. Dr Pawluk's arguments are all based on a .63 cm radius coil (that no PEMF company uses and BAD BAD Physics!!!
5) "This table describes the intensity of a 100 uT or 1 gauss PEMF up to 5 inches or 13 centimeters away (or into the body) from the surface of an applicator.
At 5 inches or 13 cm away from the applicator there is little magnetic field left. In terms of Faraday's Law (dB/dT), this means the magnetic field is creating almost no charge in the tissues at the point. Lying on your back on a comparable (1 gauss) whole-body magnetic system, then, will produce virtually no magnetic field in the front of the body." (pg 13)
At 5 inches or 13 cm away from the applicator there is little magnetic field left. In terms of Faraday's Law (dB/dT), this means the magnetic field is creating almost no charge in the tissues at the point. Lying on your back on a comparable (1 gauss) whole-body magnetic system, then, will produce virtually no magnetic field in the front of the body." (pg 13)
Again this is ONLY true IF you are using a .63 centimeter radius coil.
THAT IS A COIL (or rather a Sphere) SMALLER THAN A DIME!!!
NO PEMF PRODUCTS ARE USING COILS THAT SMALL!!!
The ACTUAL value at 5 inches away of an 11cm radius coil LIKE the iMRS 2000 is NOT .5 uT but rather 28 uT!! That is a 5600% ERROR!! This is Unacceptable, especially when he CLEARLY uses this as justification of NEEDING higher intensity!
THAT IS A COIL (or rather a Sphere) SMALLER THAN A DIME!!!
NO PEMF PRODUCTS ARE USING COILS THAT SMALL!!!
The ACTUAL value at 5 inches away of an 11cm radius coil LIKE the iMRS 2000 is NOT .5 uT but rather 28 uT!! That is a 5600% ERROR!! This is Unacceptable, especially when he CLEARLY uses this as justification of NEEDING higher intensity!
"Research evidence continually and consistently shows that the intensity of a therapeutic magnetic field is important, perhaps more so than any other component. Even the other components of a magnetic field, such as frequency or waveform, rely on the intensity of the PEMF signal at the tissue being stimulated."
Footnote 331 on Page 270
Pawluk W. Clinical dosimetry of extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields. Chapter 17, In Dosimetry in Bioelectromagnetics, CRC Press, publication Jan 2017, Markov M, Editor.
Footnote 331 on Page 270
Pawluk W. Clinical dosimetry of extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields. Chapter 17, In Dosimetry in Bioelectromagnetics, CRC Press, publication Jan 2017, Markov M, Editor.
So to incorrectly justify needing High intensity PEMF, he quotes his OWN research study, Uses Faraday's Law Incorrectly AND uses the wrong equation for the Inverse Square law. This gives answers off by up to 5600%!
So Besides cherry picking research studies he gives NO SCIENTIFICALLY VALID REASON FOR NEEDING TO USE DANGEROUS HIGH INTENSITY PEMF DEVICES!!
So Besides cherry picking research studies he gives NO SCIENTIFICALLY VALID REASON FOR NEEDING TO USE DANGEROUS HIGH INTENSITY PEMF DEVICES!!
Dr Pawluk Debunks Dr Pawluk AGAIN
Pg 410-411 Supercharge Your Health
Below Shows CORRECT EQUATION, NOT inverse square like Dr Pawluk says.
Pg 410-411 Supercharge Your Health
Below Shows CORRECT EQUATION, NOT inverse square like Dr Pawluk says.
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More Misunderstandings of Physics from his Book Page 8-9 in his Book Power Tools for Health.
These first mistakes confuse electromagnetic waves for pure magnetic fields from current loops. Electric fields, electric currents, magnetic fields and electromagnetic waves are ALL qualitatively DIFFERENT kinds of energy. They have different force equations and VERY different biological effects. Confusing magnetism with electromagnetic waves shows a serious lack of understanding electrodynamics!
I have done a couple videos showing the differences
https://youtu.be/zfAVIL_PWlE
Image below from this video...
https://youtu.be/jJdSlqP9wnk?t=182
Bioelectricity, Biophotons and Biomagnetism are three very different types of energies the body emits. In fact even biophotons are very different from random thermalized incoherent energy that is the what Dr Pawluk's chart is showing.
These first mistakes confuse electromagnetic waves for pure magnetic fields from current loops. Electric fields, electric currents, magnetic fields and electromagnetic waves are ALL qualitatively DIFFERENT kinds of energy. They have different force equations and VERY different biological effects. Confusing magnetism with electromagnetic waves shows a serious lack of understanding electrodynamics!
I have done a couple videos showing the differences
https://youtu.be/zfAVIL_PWlE
Image below from this video...
https://youtu.be/jJdSlqP9wnk?t=182
Bioelectricity, Biophotons and Biomagnetism are three very different types of energies the body emits. In fact even biophotons are very different from random thermalized incoherent energy that is the what Dr Pawluk's chart is showing.
Confuses Electromagnetic Energy for Magnetic Energy
Yes human body as a black body of 98.6 will have an emission spectrum right around 32 Terahertz which is RIGHT at the peak of the image below... HOWEVER, this is NOT the frequencies of the Body's biomagnetic field!!
Chart below from page 9 in his book....
Yes human body as a black body of 98.6 will have an emission spectrum right around 32 Terahertz which is RIGHT at the peak of the image below... HOWEVER, this is NOT the frequencies of the Body's biomagnetic field!!
Chart below from page 9 in his book....
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The Human body as a black body of around 310 K (98.6 degrees) emits frequencies PEAKED at 32 Terahertz... This is almost exactly the frequency of the peak in this graph.
This is random, incoherent and thermal energy that is NOT by any stretch important as a block of charcoal at 98.6 degrees has the same peak.
Incorrect or Misleading Statements
1) Somewhat surprisingly, the body produces its own frequency emissions from the Schumann Resonances through much of the electromagnetic spectrum, including radio waves, microwaves, light, UV, and x-rays (pg 8)
2) Whether or to what extent these are all produced by the body or simply passing through is not completely known. Nevertheless, the body is itself dealing with a vast array of EMF frequencies....
This is true, but it is NOT the frequencies we want OR NEED for healing. Sure infrared sauna's are nice and we can get similar spectrums
3) Most healing magnetic fields have very long wavelengths. Frequencies under 10 Mhz are longer than Six Feet. The Goal for any PEMF frequency is to be able to completely pass through the body, whether it's the length of the body, the width side to side, or front to back. A magnetic frequency wave of 20 Hz is about 9000 miles long. So again PEMFs have have sufficient long wavelengths to completely penetrate the body.
This statement further shows he is confusing pure magnetic fields with electromagnetic waves. Low frequency and low intensity PEMF DO NOT RADIATE so that do not have wavelengths of 9000 miles long!
This is random, incoherent and thermal energy that is NOT by any stretch important as a block of charcoal at 98.6 degrees has the same peak.
Incorrect or Misleading Statements
1) Somewhat surprisingly, the body produces its own frequency emissions from the Schumann Resonances through much of the electromagnetic spectrum, including radio waves, microwaves, light, UV, and x-rays (pg 8)
2) Whether or to what extent these are all produced by the body or simply passing through is not completely known. Nevertheless, the body is itself dealing with a vast array of EMF frequencies....
This is true, but it is NOT the frequencies we want OR NEED for healing. Sure infrared sauna's are nice and we can get similar spectrums
3) Most healing magnetic fields have very long wavelengths. Frequencies under 10 Mhz are longer than Six Feet. The Goal for any PEMF frequency is to be able to completely pass through the body, whether it's the length of the body, the width side to side, or front to back. A magnetic frequency wave of 20 Hz is about 9000 miles long. So again PEMFs have have sufficient long wavelengths to completely penetrate the body.
This statement further shows he is confusing pure magnetic fields with electromagnetic waves. Low frequency and low intensity PEMF DO NOT RADIATE so that do not have wavelengths of 9000 miles long!
Page 17 he says himself:
Since all of the tissues of the body, particularly the brain, have their own frequencies and are flexible to varying degrees, outside frequencies applied to the body can cause or "tune" the body's frequencies to be synchronized with the externally applied frequencies. So, a small amount of PEMF energy that is resonant with the molecules or cells of the body produces a much stronger response than when there is no resonance.
This is CORRECT however....
This is ALL he says about resonance in the entire BOOK!! Also, in his talks and podcasts he rarely emphasizes the PRIMARY importance of resonance!
This is Huge because he downplays resonance and focuses on Intensity... He definines resonance But the WHOLE KEY TO PEMF WORKING IS RESONANCE!!!
The key with PEMF is resonance and the MAIN Biomagnetic resonant frequencies of the body are mainly in the 0-50 Hz Range!! See video and Chart below (and my book, PEMF the Fifth Element of Health).
Since all of the tissues of the body, particularly the brain, have their own frequencies and are flexible to varying degrees, outside frequencies applied to the body can cause or "tune" the body's frequencies to be synchronized with the externally applied frequencies. So, a small amount of PEMF energy that is resonant with the molecules or cells of the body produces a much stronger response than when there is no resonance.
This is CORRECT however....
This is ALL he says about resonance in the entire BOOK!! Also, in his talks and podcasts he rarely emphasizes the PRIMARY importance of resonance!
This is Huge because he downplays resonance and focuses on Intensity... He definines resonance But the WHOLE KEY TO PEMF WORKING IS RESONANCE!!!
The key with PEMF is resonance and the MAIN Biomagnetic resonant frequencies of the body are mainly in the 0-50 Hz Range!! See video and Chart below (and my book, PEMF the Fifth Element of Health).
Here is What he says:
Faraday’s law and the inverse square rule PEMFs help the body by stimulating energy our charge of the tissues.
Faraday’s law requires that the more charge needed for healing the higher the intensity that PEMF needs to be. Faraday’s law is a scientific term DB/DT where D is change B is intensity and T is time, this means the change in intensity over the change in time. the higher the intensity reached in the shortest time the higher the DB DT. the higher this value the greater the energy produced in the tissues some high intensity PDFs have DB DT s high enough to cause muscles to contract I have found them to be very effective.
This is INCORRECT, Faraday's Law is
EMF = -dΦ/dt
Where Φ is the FLUX and is equal to the Intensity of the Field TIMES the AREA!!
You have to incorporate the size and Geometry of the Coil to Get the Right Answer!!
The other law is the inverse square rule magnetic field intensities drop off the farther the tissue being stimulated is from the source of the magnetic field so based on Faraday’s law intensities need to be high enough to generate enough charge to create change in the tissues.
This is INCORRECT, you need to use the Biot Savart Law and Integrate over the Source of the Coil. This does NOT give you an inverse square drop-off...
In fact Dr Pawluk's Chart in his book gives answer off by over 5000% because he is using the Wrong Equation!
Faraday’s law and the inverse square rule PEMFs help the body by stimulating energy our charge of the tissues.
Faraday’s law requires that the more charge needed for healing the higher the intensity that PEMF needs to be. Faraday’s law is a scientific term DB/DT where D is change B is intensity and T is time, this means the change in intensity over the change in time. the higher the intensity reached in the shortest time the higher the DB DT. the higher this value the greater the energy produced in the tissues some high intensity PDFs have DB DT s high enough to cause muscles to contract I have found them to be very effective.
This is INCORRECT, Faraday's Law is
EMF = -dΦ/dt
Where Φ is the FLUX and is equal to the Intensity of the Field TIMES the AREA!!
You have to incorporate the size and Geometry of the Coil to Get the Right Answer!!
The other law is the inverse square rule magnetic field intensities drop off the farther the tissue being stimulated is from the source of the magnetic field so based on Faraday’s law intensities need to be high enough to generate enough charge to create change in the tissues.
This is INCORRECT, you need to use the Biot Savart Law and Integrate over the Source of the Coil. This does NOT give you an inverse square drop-off...
In fact Dr Pawluk's Chart in his book gives answer off by over 5000% because he is using the Wrong Equation!